how to read structural drawings pdf

Sample Engineering Drawings

It'south hard to explain what structural engineers produce when we exercise structural technology for a new house. So I've prepared a sample set of our structural engineering house plans for your enquiring mind!

This instance set of plans is for a single storey house with a concrete slab on ground, concrete Besser block masonry walls and a timber roof trusses.

Cornell Engineer's Sample Drawings

Allow's go through some of the aspects of what makes these sample engineering science drawings so special.

Sheet S1 – The Project Specific Notes

Our starting time folio contains the project-specific notes. We've chosen them Project Specific notes because we revisit these notes for each and every projection.

Other companies might use Standard Notes as the get-go page of their drawings. These notes need to be specific to each project because they are very important.

In that location is a section of notes for each major course of construction in the job. For instance for this house there are:

• general notes that describe the air current speed the house has been designed for, a warning non to scale off the drawings, the design floor loads used to prepare the drawings, and a annotation that if trade names have been used to specify a production that an equivalent production may be used from a dissimilar supplier.
• foundation notes that explain the expected footing conditions and how the builder should care for them.
• concrete notes that dictate the minimum physical class for different aspects of the project, minimum concrete comprehend to the steel reinforcement, the required slab curing and the grades of steel reinforcement to be used.
• concrete masonry notes that explain the required compressive force of the concrete Besser blocks and the corefill, the minimum grout cover tot he reinforcement and the special instructions to the builder for non cutting chases in the wall and propping retaining walls.
• structural timber notes that depict the minimum expected timber grades to employ, the timber dimensional tolerances, the corrosion protection requirements for bolts and screws and a fallback statement referring the builder to AS1684.3 for any elements not specified on the drawings.

Sheets S2 and S3 – Safe Design Notes

Sail 2 and Canvas 3 of the sample engineering science drawings contain the notes relating to the safe construction of the dwelling.

Sheet S4 – The Ground and Slab Plan

Our sample drawing shows a typical raft footing and slab design to AS2870 on Sheet S4

Our footing and slab plan is fatigued at the standard metric calibration of one:100.

The footing and slab programme features:

• EB1 and EB2 edge beams to the perimeter of the slab.
• SF1, SF2 and SF3 strip footings through the middle of the slab spaced out to comply with AS2870.
• Slab thickenings under bracing walls that do non otherwise have strip footings or edge beams under them.
• A schedule in the top right hand corner which clearly describes the dimensions and reinforcement for the edge beams and strip footings and slab thickenings.

Nosotros show three parallel diagonal lines across re-entrant corners every bit required past AS2870 to minimise the propagation of shrinkage cracking at these stress points.

We show the slab thickness in a hexagon and the require top embrace for the internal and external concrete slab areas. Correct placement of the steel mesh reinforcement towards the top of the thickness of the slab minimises shrinkage corking and ensures sufficient concrete 'cover' to prevent corrosion fo the reinforcement.

Drawing S4 too has the requirements for reinforcing the Besser cake walls specified in the "Physical Masonry" notes.

Finally, sheet S4 has the Special Requirements for building on (in this example) a Class "Chiliad" site. These notes include requirements for surface drainage, trench drainage, plumbing joints, trench backfill and the presence of trees.

Canvass S5 – The Footing and Slab Details

Our footing and slab details are drawn to a standard scale of i:20 and are dimensionally right to assist us identify any potential clashes.

Drawing sheet S5 of our sample engineering drawings provides the exact way nosotros expect the border beams, internal strip footings and slab thickening to be constructed.

Sail S5 also shows the ground specification at the timber mail, the special requirements for slab step downs at wet areas, how the concrete masonry corners are to be reinforced, how the footing corners are to be reinforced,

Where possible we order our footing details on the page equally if they were a cross-section through the slab so that the architect and physical can chop-chop locate the specific details they demand.

Sheet S6 – The Bracing Plan

The bracing plan doesn't just specify bracing although that is the primary purpose of Sail S6.

The reason bracing is and so important is that information technology is and so crucial that the bracing walls align with the slab thickenings shown on the footing and slab page. Bracing walls demand sufficient physical thickness under them so that the concrete does not crevice when the bracing walls are loaded in a storm.

The other aspects that are specified on our Sheet S6 include:

• Roof beams. Where they are located and what size they demand to exist.
• Timber lintels (L1) which are the timber beams over doorways and window openings in the internal timber-framed walls.
• Besser block lintel sizes and reinforcement specifications for openings in the external Besser block concrete masonry walls.
• Timber framing notes for the internal loadbearing and non-loadbearing walls.
• An easy to read schedule that describes those major timber beam elements.

Sheet S7 – Roof Framing Details

Nosotros deliberately draw the roof framing details to scale for every project. This takes time to get the height of each axle right. However, information technology is super-critical that these details are like shooting fish in a barrel to understand and easy to build.

Have you heard the proverb that a chain is only as potent as the weakest link?

Whatsoever engineers or designers that scrimp on these roof framing connection details are hoping (and praying) that the architect will get these connections right and yet they are non giving them whatsoever assist.

We firmly believe that drawing these specific details for each project is i of the critical points of divergence we offer to clients (builders and homeowners alike). We already know our connection details will work considering we accept fatigued them to calibration!

(Distressing to the other engineers and designers that take shortcuts at this stride – we don't really expect that you can compete with our beautiful engineering drawings.)

Canvas S8 – The Bracing Details

The bracing in a building is what ties the building together. Bracing walls transfer wind loads and earthquake loads from the roof and upper floor levels to the footing and slab level.

Again, a concatenation is only every bit strong equally the weakest link and there is no point having plenty of bracing chapters if in that location is no design for how the load gets into and out of the bracing walls – ie the bracing wall connections.

On Sheet 8 of our sample technology drawings, we take special intendance to ensure not only are our bracing walls well spaced out and strong plenty only that the bracing walls are connected to the roof framing and flooring framing above and the slab/floor framing below.

We even provide connection capacities so that the builder knows HOW MANY of each connectedness is needed.

Construction of houses (well actually nosotros see them as people's homes) is disquisitional to the safety and well-being of the occupants. Do y'all really desire your engineer/builder/designer taking shortcuts on your bracing?

Start Copying our AutoCad Footing Drawings

We even made it easy for you if you are an engineer or designer – an AutoCad dwg file and a pdf file of our brick veneer footings are right here on this page.

Nosotros firmly believe we accept set the bar high for the engineering of residential structures (homes).

And so if you lot are an engineer and your drawings are not as easy to read or as great and well-presented equally our drawings, the least y'all can do for your clients is to showtime to copy our details and our layout.

If you're designing a slab on ground and non taking into account the location of the bracing walls and the tie-down points and the roof beams and the lintels then I'chiliad glad y'all accept clients that don't really intendance if you're doing a skilful job.

If you're designing houses and not specifying wall framing, roof beam connections, and bracing connections then WHY AREN'T Y'all? It isn't that hard. it is not fair to builders and homeowners to leave everything off your pages and instead refer them to some transmission or another. Put these things on your drawings and let'south amend the structure industry.

Until then, we're happy to set the standard for engineering design and drawings for residential construction.

Our Drawings are Fantabulous

What's so great about the drawings that we produce?

• They are articulate and curtailed.
• They are easy to read and build from.
• They are backed by our 20 years of experience and local knowledge.

We pride ourselves on the fact that then many of our houses get built without the builder needing to inquire us any questions. Nosotros call up near our designs to brand it easier (and cheaper) for the builder. Doesn't that sound like a good idea?

Want to know what goes into checking our engineering science plans? Check out this video of a structural engineer checking technology plans.

Contact Us

We're super-keen to help y'all with structural technology for your house. Contact Matt Cornell and the team to conform a quote today!

Source: https://cornellengineers.com.au/sample-drawings/

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